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Introduction of the Stroop Test (1935) - John Ridley Stroop published the first study describing the now-famous cognitive test demonstrating interference in the reaction time of a task, which has become one of the most widely used assessments of executive function.

Publication of "Descartes' Error" (1994) - Neuroscientist Antonio Damasio published his influential book challenging the separation of emotion and reason, demonstrating how emotional processing is essential for rational decision-making.

First Successful Brain-Computer Interface for a Completely Paralyzed Patient (2016) - Researchers demonstrated a BCI system allowing a completely locked-in ALS patient to communicate, proving that cognitive function can be accessed even without any voluntary muscle control.